The Effect of Essential Oils on the Bioproductive Performance of Broilers
Keywords:
broiler, essential oil, growth promotersAbstract
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of essential oils individually administered in broiler feed on the bio productive performance in each growing period. The broilers were raised according to the ROSS 2014 Growth Guide in three experimental periods, namely: hatching - 10 days, 11 days-21 days, 22-35 days. The chickens were divided into 9 experimental groups, 3 replicates each and 10 chickens per replication. Oils were incorporated into compound feed on a support of sunflower oil. The offspring in the experimental T0 group received unleavened compound feed. Chickens from T1 and T2 were fed with a combined feed in which the incorporated essential oil was oregano 125 or 250 ppm in combined feed, those in T3 and T4 consumed aniseed feed at the same doses, T7 and T8 a feed combined with fennel, and those in T9 and T10 were treated with a feed mixed with Black cumin in the same amount. In the first growth period it was found that the highest body weight was recorded at T2 (259.9 g) and also the smallest feed conversion index was recorded in this group. In the 11-21 day period T2 recorded both the highest body weight (914.80g) and the lowest feed conversion index (1.293). In the period 22-35 days, the highest body weight was recorded at T2 (2159.80) and the lowest conversion index of food at T2 (1.599). In the last growth period, namely 35-42 days, the highest body weight was recorded at T1 (2759.20) and the lowest FCR at T2 (1.948). It can be concluded that the individual administration of essential oils (Aetheroleum Origanum vulgare L.) influences the bio productive performances of the broilers causing an improvement in them.
References
Lee, S. H., Lillehoj, H. S., Jang, S., Kim, D. K., Ionescu, C. and Bravo, D., Effect of dietary curcuma, capsicum, and lentinus on enhancing local immunity against Eimeria acervulina infection, 2010, 47, 89-95.
Lillehoj, H. S., Kim, D. K., Bravo, D. M. and Lee, S. H., Effects of dietary plant-derived phytonutrients on the genome-wide profiles and coccidiosis resistance in the broiler chickens, International Symposium on Animal Genomics for Animal Health. Paris, France, 31 May–2 June, 2010.
Schuff, S., Journal says antibiotic use needs restricting, Feedstuffs, 2001, 73(44), 5.
Karimi, A., Yan, F., Coto, C., Park, J. H., Min, Y., Lu, C., Gidden, J. A., Lay Jr, J. O. and Waldroup, P. W., Effects of level and source of oregano leaf in starter diets for broiler chicks, 2010, 19, 137-145.
Lee, K. W., Everts, H. Kappert H. J., Frehner M., Losa, R. and Beynen A. C., Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens, Br. Poult. Sci., 2003a, 44, 450-457.
Lee, K. W., Everts, H., Kappert, H. J., Yeom, K. H. and Beynen, A. C., Dietary carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens, J. Appl. Poult. Res., 2003b, 12, 394-399.
Lee, K. W., Everts, H., Lankhorst, Ae., Kappert, H. J. and Beynen, A. C., Addition of beta-ionone to the diet fails to affect growth performance in female broiler chickens, Anim. Feed Sci. Tec., 2003c, 106, 219-223.
Deans, S. G., and Ritchie, G., Antibacterial properties of plant essential oils, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 1997, 5, 165–180.
Hammer, K. A., Carson, C. F. and Riley, T. V., Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts, J. Appl. Microbiol., 1999, 86, 985-990.
Wenk, C., Recent advances in animal feed additives such as metabolic modifiers, antimicrobial agents, probiotics, and enzymes and highly available minerals, Review. Asian-Aus, J. Anim. Sci., 2000, 13, 86-95.
Al, M., Midilli, M., Kocabağ, N., Yılmaz, H., Turan, N., Gargıl, A., and Acar, N., The effects of dietary oregano essential oil on live performance, carcass yield, serum immunoglobulin G level, and oocyst count in broilers, J. Appl. Poult. Res., 2012, 21, 630–636.
Lee, K. W., Everts, H. and Beynen, A. C., Essential oils in broiler nutrition, Int. J. Poult. Sci., 2004, 3, 738-752.
Botsoglou, N. A., Florou-Paneri, P., Christaki, E., Fletouris, D. J. and Spais, A. B., Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on performance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues, Br. Poult. Sci., 2002, 43, 223-230.
